This work describes the synthesis, molecular structure, and packaging of the compounds 6-bromo-2,3-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (6-BRB) and 5-bromo-2,3-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (5 BRB). Characterization in the solid-state was carried out by X-ray diffraction, and the analysis of the interactions was described by the Hirshfeld surface, which helps in understanding the effect of replacing the bromine position in the aromatic ring. Both compounds (6-BRB and 5-BRB) crystallized in the space group P21/c and are stabilized with C-HO interactions, but only the 6-BRB has a halogen-type interaction. Theoretical calculations, carried out by the density functional theory at the CAM-B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory in gas phase, provided information on their electronic properties. The geometric properties were compared to experimental data, and the analyses of the frontier molecular orbitals and the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps were obtained to predict the physical-chemical properties. The supramolecular arrangements were analyzed throughout complexation interactions and corrected by counterpoise method. Hyperconjugation energies were employed to examine the stability of the intermolecular interactions of the compounds. The interaction intensities were determined through the topological parameters obtained through the quantum theory of atoms in molecules model.

Resumen Introducción: Nuestro objetivo fue analizar los resultados del tratamiento con osteosíntesis en pacientes con fracturas Vancouver tipos B1 y C, evaluar las complicaciones, las reintervenciones y la tasa de mortalidad en este grupo. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio multicéntrico, retrospectivo. Se estableció una base de datos que incluía a 53 pacientes con fracturas periprotésicas de fémur Vancouver tipos B1 y C tratadas con osteosíntesis, desde 2008 hasta 2021, en dos centros hospitalarios de alta complejidad. Resultados: La fijación proximal más utilizada fue con tornillos bicorticales más lazadas de alambre. El tipo de fractura según la clasificación de Vancouver se correlacionó con un valor significativo en el uso de tornillos de compresión interfragmentaria (p 0,001), con un total de 13 pacientes (24,52%), 9 en fracturas Vancouver tipo C. El tiempo de consolidación promedio fue de 4 meses, con un puntaje promedio del Harris Hip Score de 68. Doce pacientes (22,64%) tuvieron complicaciones: retraso de la consolidación (7 casos; 13,2%), falla de la osteosíntesis con trazo de fractura a nivel distal del tallo (un caso; 1,88%), una nueva osteosíntesis por falla a nivel del material de osteosíntesis (un caso; 1,88%) y tres fallecieron (5,66%). Conclusiones: El manejo de las fracturas femorales periprotésicas es un tema complejo y desafiante. El tratamiento con osteosíntesis constituye un método exitoso que requiere de la aplicación de principios actuales de técnicas mínimamente invasivas que, junto con una fijación proximal estable, mejoran las posibilidades de éxito.

Abstract Introduction: Our objective was to analyze the results of osteosynthesis treatment in patients with Vancouver type B1 and C fractures, evaluate complications, reinterventions and the mortality rate in this group. Materials and Methods: Multicenter, retrospective study. A database was established that included 53 patients with Vancouver type B1 and C periprosthetic femoral fractures treated with osteosynthesis, from 2008 to 2021, who were evaluated in two high-complexity hospital centers. Results: The most used proximal fixation was bicortical screws and wire loops. The type of fracture according to the Vancouver classification correlated with a significant value in the use of interfragmentary compression screws (p 0.001), with a total of 13 patients (24.52%), 9 in Vancouver type C fractures. Mean consolidation was 4 months, with a mean Harris Hip Score of 68. Twelve patients (22.64%) had complications: delayed union (7 cases; 13.2%), failed osteosynthesis with fracture at the distal level of the stem (one case; 1.88%), one new osteosynthesis due to failure at the level of the osteosynthesis material (one case; 1.88%) and three patients died (5.66%). Conclusions: The management of periprosthetic femoral fractures is a complex and challenging issue. Osteosynthesis treatment is a successful method that requires the application of current principles of minimally invasive techniques that, together with stable proximal fixation, improve the chances of success.

Abstract: Introduction: Aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms of the arteries of the foot and ankle are rare clinical entities. In most cases occur within months or years of the initial trauma, complications in the aforementioned situations are very uncommon, however, they should be ruled out at medical check-ups. We will present a clinical case in which pseudoaneurysm of the Distal Peroneal Artery occurred as a result of a fracture- dislocation of the ankle. Clinical case: Patient of 60 years of age with trauma in right ankle, his radiographic study of the right ankle evidencing fracture- dislocation of the same. Surgical treatment is decided four days after the injury. In the postoperative course with edema, circulatory changes of abnormal form that merited imaging complement and arteriography was performed which indicates the presence of pseudoaneurysm of approximately 28 × 30 mm in distal peroneal artery meriting specific treatment with adequate control of symptoms. Conclusion: We believe that it is of the utmost importance the correct assessment and physical examination of patients undergoing ankle surgery in successive post-surgical controls to detect these types of complications early and treat them in time.

Resumen: Introducción: Los aneurismas y seudoaneurismas de las arterias del pie y tobillo son entidades clínicas poco frecuentes. En la mayoría de los casos ocurren a los meses o años del trauma inicial, las complicaciones en las situaciones antes mencionadas son muy infrecuentes; sin embargo, deben descartarse en los controles médicos. Presentaremos un caso clínico en el cual se produjo seudoaneurisma de la arteria peronea distal como consecuencia de una luxofractura de tobillo. Caso clínico: Paciente de 60 años de edad con trauma en tobillo derecho, su estudio radiográfico de tobillo derecho evidenció luxofractura del mismo. Se decide tratamiento quirúrgico cuatro días después de la lesión. En el postoperatorio padeció edema, ambos circulatorios de forma anormal que ameritó complemento imagenológico y se realizó arteriografía, la cual indica presencia de seudoaneurisma de 28 × 30 mm aproximadamente en arteria peronea distal ameritando tratamiento específico con adecuado control de síntomas. Conclusión: Creemos que es de suma importancia la correcta valoración y examen físico de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía de tobillo en los controles postquirúrgicos sucesivos para detectar de manera precoz este tipo de complicaciones y tratarlos a tiempo.

Resumen El edema macular diabético (EMD) representa la causa principal de pérdida de la visión en pacientes con diabetes mellitus. Se trata de una enfermedad compleja que demanda a los oftalmólogos y retinólogos una amplia experiencia para lograr una oportuna detección, un certero diagnóstico y un adecuado tratamiento. En la actualidad se cuenta con diversas y novedosas alternativas de tratamiento que deben ser evaluadas a la par que las características y las necesidades de cada paciente para brindarle los mayores beneficios. En este documento se describen las características y la evidencia científica que respaldan algunos de estos tratamientos, así como la propuesta del Grupo de Consenso para el tratamiento más apropiado de los pacientes con EMD de acuerdo con sus características y perfiles.

Abstract Diabetic macular edema (DME) represents the leading cause of vision loss in patients with diabetes mellitus. It is a complex disease that demands extensive experience from ophthalmologists and retinologists to achieve a timely detection, an accurate diagnosis and adequate treatment. At present, there are various and innovative treatment alternatives that must be evaluated along with the characteristics and needs of each patient to provide the greatest benefits. This document describes the characteristics and scientific evidence that support some of these treatments, as well as the Consensus Group's proposal for the most appropriate treatment of patients with DME according to their characteristics and profiles.

Introduction: Indications in the operative and nonoperative treatment of rotator cuff tears are widely discussed and not standardized. The aim of this study is to evaluate the variability among Argentinean orthopedic surgeons regarding the indications of treatment for different rotator cuff injuries. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was developed based on the study carried out by Dunn et al. Our aim was to gather the opinions of Argentinean orthopedic surgeons on decision-making concerning the treatment of different rotator cuff lesions. The questionnaire was sent to 2 groups: general orthopedic surgeons and shoulder specialist surgeons, included according to the number of shoulders treated surgically and non-surgically in 2017. The questionnaire has two sections: 4 hypothetical clinical cases and 11 questions on factors that could influence treatment selection. Results: Out of 556 questionnaires sent, 162 were completed, 117 by general orthopedic surgeons and 45 by shoulder specialists. The specialists reported mostly arthroscopic repairs (60%), general orthopedic surgeons reported repairing these injuries mainly by mini-open or by standard open technique (49% and 22% respectively). The failure rate was considered to be 20%, not evidencing differences between professionals (P=0.42). There was also agreement in the contraindication of the use of corticosteroids before surgery (P=0.74). Conclusion: This study evidences significant variability in the management of these patients (for which we selected potentially controversial injuries), making it difficult to establish protocols or consensus guidelines to help standardize treatments for these injuries.

Introducción: Aún se discuten ampliamente las indicaciones terapéuticas (tratamiento quirúrgico y no quirúrgico) para las lesiones del manguito rotador. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la variabilidad entre cirujanos ortopédicos argentinos respecto de las indicaciones de tratamiento para diferentes lesiones del manguito rotador. Materiales y Métodos: Se diseñó un cuestionario basado en el estudio de Dunn y cols. para recopilar las opiniones de cirujanos ortopedistas sobre la decisión del tratamiento para lesiones del manguito rotador. El cuestionario se distribuyó a 2 grupos, cirujanos traumatólogos y especialistas en hombro, tomando las indicaciones dadas durante 2017, tanto de tratamiento quirúrgico como de no quirúrgico. El cuestionario constaba de 2 secciones: 4 casos clínicos hipotéticos y 11 preguntas sobre factores que pueden influir en la toma de decisiones por parte del cirujano. Resultados: Se enviaron 556 cuestionarios, 117 traumatólogos y 45 especialistas lo respondieron. Los especialistas comunicaron realizar, en su mayoría, reparaciones artroscópicas (60%) y los traumatólogos, reparaciones por técnica abierta con pequeños abordajes (49%) y método abierto convencional (22%). El porcentaje de fracaso estimado en pacientes sometidos a reparación del manguito rotador es del 20%, sin diferencias entre los profesionales (p = 0,42). Ambos grupos reportaron opiniones semejantes (p = 0,74) en relación con la contraindicación del uso de corticoides en posibles candidatos quirúrgicos. Conclusión: Se observó una variabilidad considerable en las indicaciones de tratamiento y manejo de estos pacientes en gran parte de los casos presentados de lesiones potencialmente controvertidas, esto dificulta establecer protocolos o consensuar guías que ayuden a estandarizar tratamientos de elección para estas lesiones.

RESUMO Relatamos a abordagem transoperatória e o desfecho em curto prazo de um paciente que sofreu uma avulsão traumática do ramo da artéria ciliorretiniana durante o tratamento cirúrgico de uma oclusão do ramo arterial ciliorretiniano com embolectomia intraocular. O paciente foi submetido a uma vitrectomia pars plana com embolectomia in situ. A artéria bloqueada foi incisada com uma tesoura vertical de 25 Ga e a manipulação do êmbolo foi feita com pinça microcirúrgica. Durante a extração do êmbolo, a artéria ciliorretiniana ocluída e seu ramo foram inadvertidamente avulsionados e rasgados com sangramento intenso subsequente. Laser e endodiatermia foram utilizados para hemostasia aguda. As manobras criaram uma anastomose retinocoroidiana não intencional. Melhora do campo visual foi observada três meses após a cirurgia. No caso de uma embolectomia cirúrgica complicada com a avulsão da artéria, a formação de uma anastomose retinocoroidiana e reperfusão da artéria ocluída pode ocorrer juntamente com a melhora do campo visual em alguns casos.

ABSTRACT We report the trans-operative approach and short-term outcome for a patient who suffered a traumatic avulsion of the cilioretinal artery branch during the surgical management of a cilioretinal arterial branch occlusion with intraocular embolectomy. The patient underwent a pars plana vitrectomy with in situ embolectomy. The blocked artery was incised using 25 Ga vertical scissors, and embolus manipulation was performed using microsurgical forceps. During embolus extraction, the occluded cilioretinal artery and its branch were inadvertently avulsed and torn with subsequent intense bleeding. Laser and endodiathermy were used for acute hemostasis. The maneuvers created an unintended retinochoroidal anastomosis. Visual-field improvement was noted three months after the surgery. In the event of a complicated surgical embolectomy with the avulsion of the artery, the formation of a retinochoroidal anastomosis and reperfusion of the occluded artery may occur along with the improvement of the visual field in some cases.

Abstract. Here we report a simple and efficient protocol for selectively diamine protection with Boc using Me3SiCl or SOCl2 as HCl source in “one-pot” procedure. This methodology is extended to 1,2- to 1,8-diamines to obtain the corresponding mono-Boc protected diamines.

Resumen. Se describe un método simple y eficiente usando Me3SiCl o SOCl2 como fuente de HCl para la monoprotección con Boc de diaminas, esta monoprotección se realiza mediante una reacción directa en un solo reactor. El método desarrollado se utilizó también en la monoprotección con Boc de aminas alifáticas (1,2- a 1,8-diaminas).

The covalent functionalization of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and its characterization techniques are reported. MWCNT were functionalized with tert-butyldiazoacetate to give methano-bridged ester group. Functionalized carbon nanotube by ester and its hydrolyzed carboxylic acid were characterized by high resolution electron microscope techniques, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to study the shape a structure and fast Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) to evaluate types of binding.

Se reporta un método de funcionalización covalente para nanotubos de carbono de multicapas y su respectiva caracterización de la superficie. Los nanotubos de carbono con un puente de metano y grupos éster es funcionalizado con diazoacetato de terbutilo. El material funcionalizado se caracterizó por técnicas de microscopía electrónica de alta resolución en sus modalidades de barrido y trasmisión, también se uso espectroscopia de infrarrojo con transformadas de Fourier para evaluar los enlaces generados.

Synthesis of three brominated enamides, analogs of natural alkaloids isolated from the Tasmanian marine bryozoan Amathia Wilson, were prepared by a sequence of reactions starting from 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde.

Síntesis de tres enamidas bromadas, análogas a los alcaloides naturales aislados del briozoo Amathia Wilson de los mares de Tasmania. Esta síntesis se llevo a cabo a través de una secuencia de reacciones que parten del 3-hidroxibenzaldehído.

Ligands L1 and L2 were synthesized from commercially available (R)-(+)-1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-diamine and tested with RhIII Cp* as catalysts in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones in aqueous sodium formate. The results were compared with ligands derived from 1,2-, 1,4-, and 1,6-diamines, and correlated to the metal chelate ring size and the N-N torsion angles determined by theoretical calculations.

Los ligandos L1 y L2 se sintetizaron a partir de (R)-(+)-1,1'-binaftil-2,2'-diamina comercialmente disponible y se probaron con RhIII Cp* como catalizadores en la reducción asimétrica por transferencia de hidrógeno de cetonas aromáticas en formiato de sodio acuoso como la fuente de hidruro. Los resultados fueron comparados con los de los ligandos derivados de 1,2-, 1,4-, y 1,6-diaminas, y correlacionados con el tamaño del anillo quelato metal-ligando y los ángulos de torsión N-N determinados por cálculos teóricos.

Dois ligantes C2-simétricos bis(sulfonamide) contendo o fluoreno-quiral (1R,2R)-ciclohexano-1,2-diamina foram complexados com RhIII(Cp*) e usados como catalizador para redução aromática de cetonas. Os alcoois secundários correspondentes foram obtidos com ee 87-100% e rendimento de 85-99%, sob condições de transferência de hidrogenio assimétrica (THA), usando formato de sodio aquoso como fonte de hidretos. Usando acetofenona, obteve-se ee de 94% e rendimento de 86-97%, com uma razão substrato/catalizador de 10.000.

Two C2-symmetric bis(sulfonamide) ligands containing fluorene-chiral (1R,2R)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine were complexed to RhIII(Cp*) and used as catalyst to reduce aromatic ketones. The corresponding chiral secondary alcohols were obtained in 87-100% ee and 85-99% yield, under asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) conditions using aqueous sodium formate as the hydride source. With acetophenone, 94% ee and 86-97% yield was achieved with substrate/catalyst (S/C) ratio of 10,000.

New bifunctional asymmetric catalysts containing a Lewis acid Ti(IV)/V(IV) and a Lewis base were developed and applied to the catalytic asymmetric cyanosilylation of benzaldehyde and oxidation of sulfides to chiral sulfoxides. The products were obtained with moderate to low enantiomeric excess.

Se han desarrollado nuevos catalizadores asimétricos bifuncionales que contienen un ácido de Lewis y una base de Lewis, y se han aplicado a las reacciones asimétricas catalíticas de cianosililación de benzaldehído y oxidación de sulfuros a sulfóxidos quirales. Los productos se obtuvieron con excesos enantioméricos de moderados a bajos.